Archives of Medical and Allied Health Research

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ORAL IRON AND INTRAVENOUS IRON SUCROSE FOR THE TREATMENT OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN PREGNANCY ATTENDING HOSPITAL IN HARYANA

Satwant Kaur — Sun, 19 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia is very much prevalent in the tropics particularly amongst women of child bearing age, especially in under privileged population. Iron deficiency anemia is the commonest indirect cause of maternal mortality and morbidity in India. Anaemia is estimated to affect 20-50% of the world’s population and pregnancy is one of the most important risk factors. In most of these cases oral iron is not enough since the endogenous iron stores are already depleted and less iron is provided for sufficient erythropoesis. This also means that anemia at the time of the delivery results more often in the need for blood transfusion, increased cardiovascular risks, longer hospital stay, and problems in the postpartum period like reduced lactation or postpartum mood disorder. Materials and Methods: A comparative study was conducted at Obs. & Gynae. Dept. All women attending antenatal clinic were screened for anemia between 24-32 weeks of gestation with sample size of 100 pregnant women. Iron deficiency anemia was diagnosed on basis of peripheral blood film, complete blood count. Results: Initial demographic and clinical characteristic were similar in both groups. In oral group mean baseline Hb was 8.68±0.7624 g/dl and in IV group mean baseline Hb was 8.34±0.672 g/dl. An increase in Hb was observed from baseline to 6 weeks in each group, but the increase in IV group is more than oral group. Mean Hb was 8.9257±0.7489 g/dl at 2 weeks, 9.5379±0.8651 g/dl at 4 weeks, 10.3245±0.8954 g/dl at 6 weeks compared to IV iron which was 8.9875±0.6797 g/dl at 2 weeks, 9.9618±0.7943 g/dl at 4 weeks, 10.895±0.7875 g/dl at 6 weeks. There is a significant variation (p<0.005) in Hb in different times in oral and IV iron groups but according to mean Hb levels were increased in succeed time. Rise of mean Hb from baseline to 6 weeks in oral group is 1.64 g/dl where is in IV group it is 2.55 g/dl. Conclusion: The present study revealed that intravenous iron sucrose therapy was better tolerated with higher increase in mean haemoglobin and PCV when compared to oral iron therapy. In view of the failure of oral iron in the correction of anemia to significant extent in pregnant women with moderate anemia intravenous administration of iron under supervision is a better alternative for women with moderate anemia.

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES OF CAREGIVERS TOWARDS OPTIONAL VACCINATION IN INFANTS IN MORADABAD

Dr. Anshuman Srivastava — Sat, 18 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction:

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of dissimilar files systems to eliminate filling material during root canal retreatment utilizing stereomicroscope: A retrospective Study.

Materials and Methods:

Biomechanical preparation was done using rotary protaper files up to F3 and teeth were obturated using mono cone technique. Teeth were then allotted into three groups with 10 teeth in each group. Group 1: M Two R Files, Group 2: - Protaper D File, Group 3: R-Endo Files. Exclusion criteria: To minimize the variables associated with the study, teeth with white spot lesions, caries, restorations, erosions and cracks were excluded from the study. The collected teeth were disinfected and stored as per OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Associated Hazards) regulations. Specimen preparation-soft tissue and calculus were mechanically removed from the root surface of 60 selected specimens.

Results:

Tukey’s HSD Test was applied to compare the Mean amount of debris remaining in 3 groups based on the sealer used in obturation. (P=0.102) using one way ANOVA. significant difference in mean between M two and Protaper D (0.003), M two and R Endo (P=0.004), Protaper D and R Endo (P=0.005) using POST HOC analysis. Results showed that Protaper D files are superior to R endo files & M two R files in removing gutta percha.

Conclusion:

Within the parameters of this study, none of the file system completely removed the Gutta-percha from the root canals. However, Protaper D files are most efficient, followed by R endo files. Whereas, M Two files were least effective in removing the Guttapercha from the root canal system.

NORMATIVE STUDY OF VISUAL EVOKED POTENTIAL IN DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS INDIVIDUALS

Prashant Bhatnagar — Sun, 19 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction:

Visual evoked potential (VEP) is a very important non-invasive tool in detecting abnormalities of visual system. Evoked potentials are a convenient and non-invasive tool for the evaluation of central nervous system. VEPs are also helpful in determining subclinical lesions in the optic nerve, spinal cord and the brain stem; therefore, it is a convenient tool in the diagnosis & follow–up of neurologic disorder. technical parameters like type of stimulus, size of checker board, contrast, luminance, frequency of stimulus, type of monitor and also the illumination in room where the test is going on. By controlling these parameters rigidly, a clinical neurophysiology laboratory can obtain reproducible and reliable data of VEP to derive at normal values before using it as a diagnostic tool.

Materials and Methods:

100 individuals within the age group of 1-70 years were included in the study group and the study was carried out at EMG-NCV LAB., Department of Physiology, at Medical College, Orai. Visually evoked potentials were recorded using Viking select neurodiagnostic system. Verbal consent was taken from all the participants, ethical guidelines were followed & the subjects were informed about the aims & objectives of the study.

Results:

In this normative study of VEP there were 100 normal individuals (male and females) in different age groups from 1-70 years and recording was done on 200 eyes.

Conclusion:

The present study shows that P100 latency undergoes a gradual shortening from early childhood towards adulthood and then gradually increases with advancing age with a significant prolongation after 60 years of age. VEP measurements can be used as a routine screening for individuals to diagnose anomaly of the visual pathway at any age or an earlier stage and also for a better prognosis during treatment.

EVALUATION OF ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF SEEDS OF PUNICA GRANUTAM IN RODENTS

Krishna Pandey — Sat, 18 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: This study was undertaken to investigate the seeds part of Punicagranutam for analgesic and anti-inflammatory on mice and rats. Methods: The analgesic activity of the seeds extracts were evaluated using acetic acid-induced writhing test, and hot plate test whereas the anti-inflammatory potential of the extract was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw oedema test in rats. Results: The aqueous extract at 100mg/kg, significantly (P< 0.05) inhibited acetic acid induced writhes by 2.9 ± 1.11. It also exhibited significantly (P< 0.05) anti-inflammatory by 0.08 ± 0.02. Conclusions: The result obtained from this study shows that the extract of Punicagranutamcontained phytochemical constituents with analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, therefore the seed part of the plant could be used in the management of pain and inflammatory conditions.